The Mariner Group -- Oil Spill History

From: Subject: The Mariner Group -- Oil Spill History Date: Tue, 5 May 2009 09:06:29 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9CD60.C6D1C300" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.5579 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9CD60.C6D1C300 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.marinergroup.com/oil-spill-history.htm The Mariner Group -- Oil Spill History

1967 =

March = 18 - UNITED=20 KINGDOM - The Torrey Canyon ran aground off Cornwall spilling = 80,000=20 tonnes (919,000 barrels) of crude.

1970

March = 20 -=20 SWEDEN - At least 438,000 barrels of oil spilled in a = collision=20 involving the Othello in Tralhavet Bay.

1972

December 19 - OMAN=20 - After a collision with Brazilian tanker Horta Barbosa the = South=20 Korean tanker Sea Star spilled about 840,000 barrels of crude into = the=20 Gulf of Oman.

1976

December 15 - USA=20 - The Argo Merchant ran aground off Nantucket spilling 183,000 = barrels=20 of oil and causing a slick 160 km (100 miles) long and 97 km=20 wide.

1977

February 25 -=20 PACIFIC - The Liberian-registered Hawaiian Patriot caught fire = in the=20 Northern Pacific spilling 723,000 barrels.

1978

March = 16 - FRANCE=20 - About 1.6 million barrels of crude spilled after the Amoco = Cadiz ran=20 aground near Portsall in France's worst ever tanker accident. The=20 resulting slick eventually covered 125 miles of Breton = coast.

1979

June 3 = - MEXICO=20 - An estimated 140 million gallons of oil spilled from an = exploratory well=20 in the Gulf of Mexico, 80 km NW of Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche.=20

July 19 = - TRINIDAD=20 & TOBAGO - About 2.2 million barrels of crude spilled = after a=20 collision off Tobago between the Atlantic Empress and the Aegean=20 Captain.

1983

August = 6 - SOUTH=20 AFRICA - Fire broke out on the Spanish tanker Castillo de = Bellver and=20 1.8 million barrels of light crude burnt off the coast at Cape=20 Town.

1989

March = 24 - USA -=20 The Exxon Valdez hit rocks in Prince William Sound spilling = some=20 240,000 barrels of crude oil onto Alaskan shores.

December 19 -=20 MOROCCO - After explosions and a fire Iranian tanker Kharg-5 = was=20 abandoned spilling 70,000 tonnes of crude oil, endangering the = coast and=20 oyster beds at Oualidia.

1990

February 7 - USA=20 - The tanker, American Trader, leaked 300,000 gallons of crude = from a=20 gash in the hull causing an oil slick 22 km long polluting Bosa = Chica, one=20 of southern California's
biggest nature reserves.

1991

January = 26 -=20 KUWAIT - An estimated 240 million gallons of oil were spilled = from=20 terminals, tankers and oil wells during the final phase of the = Iraqi=20 invasion of Kuwait.

May 28 = -=20 ANGOLA/LIBERIA - A Liberian-registered supertanker, ABT = Summer, leaked=20 oil after an explosion off Angola causing an oil slick 17 nautical = miles=20 by three.

1992

March 2 = -=20 UZBEKISTAN - An estimated 88 million gallons of oil spilled = from an=20 oil well at Fergana Valley.

September 19 -=20 INDONESIA - Liberian-registered tanker Nagasaki Spirit = collided with=20 container Ocean Blessing in the Malacca Straits spilling some = 12,000=20 tonnes of crude.

December 3 - SPAIN=20 - Greek tanker Aegean Sea ran aground and broke in two near La = Coruna=20 spilling most of its 80,000 tons cargo of oil.

1993 =
January 5 -- = UNITED=20 KINGDOM - Oil poured on to the coast of northern Scotland's = Shetland=20 Islands after the 89,000-ton Liberian-registered Braer hit rocks = in heavy=20 seas. The tanker carried 84,500 tons of crude oil. A huge oil = slick=20 stretched 25 miles (40 km) up the coast.

January = 21 --=20 SINGAPORE / INDONESIA / MALAYSIA - The 255,312-ton=20 Singapore-registered tanker Maersk Navigator collided with the = empty=20 tanker Sanko Honour in the Andaman Sea en route from Oman to = Japan. It was=20 carrying a cargo of nearly 2 million barrels of oil. Its ruptured = port=20 side leaked burning oil and spread a slick up to 35 miles (56 km) = long off=20 Sumatra drifting towards India's Nicobar Islands.

February 11 --=20 NETHERLANDS - Up to 30,000 seabirds were feared killed by a = paraffin=20 oil slick thought to have been discharged by a passing ship during = the=20 past two weeks. It was the worst oil spill off the Dutch coast in = five=20 years.

March 9 = --=20 GERMANY/POLAND - The wreck of the Jan Heweliusz, a Polish = ferry which=20 sank in the Baltic off Germany on January 14, began leaking oil. = The ship=20 was estimated to have up to 80 tons of fuel on board.

June 3 = -- BELGIUM /=20 UNITED KINGDOM - Seven crewmen from a British tanker, = the=20 British Trent, burned to death in a blazing sea of petrol about 15 = miles=20 (24km) off Ostend after a collision with a Panamanian bulk carrier = in=20 thick fog. Two other crewmen were missing and presumed dead. = Belgian=20 environmental officials and the ship's owner, British Petroleum, = played=20 down pollution dangers. The tanker was loaded with 24,000 tons of = petrol,=20 which poured out of a hole in the port bow.

August = 19 --=20 FRANCE - An oil slick off the French Riviera after a collision = between=20 a nuclear submarine and a supertanker was brought under control = with no=20 danger to beaches. The collision on August 17 caused two spills, = one off=20 Fos-sur-Mer and one farther out.

October = 15 --=20 GREECE - Oil leaked from the Greek tanker Iliad killed = wildlife and=20 destroyed fish farms in the bay of Pylos. A three-mile-long (4.8 = km) oil=20 slick was caused when the tanker ran aground off the island of = Spaktiria=20 on October 9.

1994 =

January = 7 --=20 PUERTO RICO - The Morris J. Furhman, a barge carrying = about 1.5=20 million gallons of fuel oil, went aground off the northern side of = the=20 capital city harbor. 750,000 gallons of heavy fuel oil had been = spilled=20 and had spread to cover a six-mile (9.6 km) stretch of shore. = Conado=20 Beach, the Conado lagoon and San Juan Bay were all polluted. =

March 6 = --=20 THAILAND - About 105,670 gallons of diesel fuel spilled into = the sea=20 some four miles (6.4 km) off the eastern Sriracha coast after a = chartered=20 oil tanker and an unidentified cargo ship collided. The tanker, = the=20 Visahakit 5, was carrying about 1.06 million gallons of diesel and = liquefied petroleum gas.

March = 16 --=20 TURKEY - A cleanup effort was = begun to=20 scoop patches of crude from the Bosphorus waterway and remove oil = washed=20 onto shore after a fiery collision on March 13 between the tanker = Nassia=20 and the freighter Shipbroker, both Cypriot-flagged. The accident, = the=20 worst in the Bosphorus in 15 years, killed 29 crewmen.

March = 31 --=20 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES - 15,900 tons of crude oil = leaked into=20 the Arabian Sea after the Panamanian-flagged supertanker Seki = spilled the=20 crude 10 miles (16 km) off the UAE port of Fujairah, just outside = the=20 Gulf, when it collided with the UAE tanker Baynunah, which was in = ballast.=20 Oil reached the UAE coast north of Khor Fakkan close to the Strait = of=20 Hormuz. The oil slick severely polluted several beaches and = threatened=20 more than 25 miles (40 km) of coastline.

May 8 = --=20 VIETNAM - The 1,220-ton = Vietnamese Chanoco=20 I, carrying 1,012 tons of fuel oil, and a 10,000-ton Taiwanese = ship=20 Unihumanity collided in the Long Tau river near Ho Chi Minh City. = About=20 200 tons spilled into the river from the Vietnamese ship causing a = 200-ton=20 oil slick, which killed fish and other wildlife.

June 14 = --=20 INDIA - Indian authorities began siphoning off 700 tons of oil = from=20 the Sea Transporter, a 6,000-ton Greek cargo ship which had been = anchored=20 off Aguada after it ran aground following a cyclone on June 5. =

June 23 = -- SOUTH=20 AFRICA - An oil slick washing ashore on Dassen Island = threatened a=20 colony of endangered Jackass penguins and polluted mainland = beaches. It=20 was confirmed on June 28 that the Apollo Sea, a Chinese bulk = carrier that=20 was believed to have sunk on June 20 shortly after leaving = Saldanha Bay,=20 was the source of Cape Town's worst oil pollution disaster. =

August = 11 -- UNITED=20 STATES - The Columbus Iselin, a ship conducting oil spill = research,=20 ran aground in the Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary off the = Florida Keys=20 and was leaking fuel.

October = 2 --=20 PORTUGAL - A Panamanian registered tanker, Cercal, spilled = about 2,000=20 tons of crude into the sea after striking a rock on its way into = Leixoes=20 harbor, in the northern city of Oporto. The oil badly polluted one = beach=20 near the entrance to Leixoes port and smaller quantities of oil = came=20 ashore on other parts of the coast near Oporto.

October = 17 --=20 CHINA - 1,000 meters of beaches and reefs at Dongshan, a = resort area=20 at Qinhuangdao in Hebei province were polluted by an oil spill = blamed on=20 the Huahai Number Two tanker, owned by the state-run Huahai = Company of=20 Beijing.

1995 =

June 5 = --=20 SINGAPORE - About 100 tons of fuel oil leaked from a bunker = fuel barge=20 after it collided with the freighter Sun Pulse. The fuel oil had = begun=20 washing up on the island's east coast.

July 11 = --=20 AUSTRALIA - An ore carrier, the Iron Baron, ran aground on a = reef in=20 southern Australian waters, spilling more than 500 tons of fuel = oil and=20 causing a major pollution scare for the island state of Tasmania.=20 Thousands of fairy penguins were fouled with oil.

July 25 = -- SOUTH=20 KOREA - Oil leaking from the 275,782 deadweight ton Sea = Prince, a=20 burning tanker off South Korea, formed a slick 20 miles (32 km) in = diameter. The ship was loaded with 83,000 tons of crude oil. It = was=20 drifting toward the country's best known sea resort. 700 tons of = fuel oil=20 estimated to have been leaked.

1996 =

February 15 --=20 UNITED KINGDOM - The coast guard called a full environmental = alert=20 when the 147,000 deadweight ton Liberian-registered Sea Empress = with a=20 crew of 28 Russians hit rocks near the port of Milford Haven, = Wales. The=20 tanker, operated by Acomarit, had been carrying 130,000 tons of = light=20 crude oil. On February 20 an estimated 40,000 tons of crude oil = spilled --=20 a third of its cargo -- creating a four-mile (six km) oil slick. =

March = 19 -- UNITED=20 STATES - A barge operated by Buffalo Marine Services Inc. and = loaded=20 with about 210,000 gallons of fuel oil ruptured as it sailed = through the=20 Houston Ship Channel. About 4,200 gallons of oil spilled into = Galveston=20 Bay, causing a five-mile-long (eight km) oil slick.

1997 =

January = 7 --=20 JAPAN - Coastal fishing villages in northwestern Japan braced = for=20 economic and environmental catastrophe as oil slicks from sunken = Russian=20 tanker Nakhodka coated beaches and threatened prized shellfish = beds. The=20 spill from the ruptured tanker leaked 5,200 tons (36,400 barrels) = of heavy=20 fuel oil.

July 2 = -- JAPAN=20 - A supertanker struck a shallow reef in Tokyo Bay, a famed = fishing=20 ground, leaking an estimated 1500 tons of crude oil.

October = 15 --=20 SINGAPORE - A tanker carrying 120.000 tonnes of fuel oil = collides with=20 an empty VLCC. More than 25.000 tonnes of oil leak out from the = vessel,=20 and despite huge amounts of dispersant chemicals being applied = both from=20 the air and from vessels, the beaches of several smaller islands = off=20 Singapore are covered with greasy sludge.

1998 =

January = 12 --=20 NIGERIA - 40,000 barrels of oil spilled from a ruptured = pipeline to=20 one of Mobil's terminals. Even though most of the oil had either=20 evaporated or dispersed within the 10 days that followed, some = communities=20 in the politically-volatile region complained that fish had been = poisoned=20 by the spilled oil and fishing nets destroyed. The spill is = considered the=20 largest ever in Nigeria.

1999=20

December 12 -=20 FRANCE - The Maltese-registered tanker Erika breaks up in = stormy seas,=20 and an estimated 15,000 tonnes of oil are drifting towards = France's=20 Atlantic shore. The slick is expected to hit the tiny Nourmoutier = and Ile=20 d'Yeu islands on Christmas Day, with disastrous consequences for = fishing=20 and tourism. Strong winds and currents and the heavy texture of = the oil,=20 have hampered an international flotilla battling to mop up the=20 fast-spreading slick. Gales have since smeared the black slime = over=20 hundreds of miles of coast, covering beaches and picturesque wild=20 coastline in sticky oil and threatening fisheries and beds of = oysters,=20 mussels and other shellfish.

December 27 -=20 TURKEY - A Maltese-registered tanker carrying 45,753 tons of = oil ran=20 aground at the mouth of the Bosporus strait across Istanbul, the = largest=20 city in Turkey, the Turkish Daily News reported. Murat Zafer = Cetintas,=20 head of the Organization of Eco-Warriors and the Environment, was = quoted=20 as saying that if necessary precautions are not taken, the city = will face=20 serious problems.

December 27 -=20 ANGOLA - An offshore oil spill is approaching the Angolan = coast,=20 posing a threat to the fishing industry. Radio Ecclesia said the = spill,=20 which occurred in the Atlantic Ocean oil fields off Cabinda = province, was=20 advancing towards the coast.

2000=20

January = 4 -=20 TURKEY - Fuel oil blackened kilometers of Istanbul's coast = along the=20 Bosporus after a Russian-registered tanker split apart in the = strait that=20 cuts through Istanbul. About 900 tons of fuel oil had spilled = before it=20 stopped pouring out of the Volganeft 248, and oil could be seen = along five=20 kilometers of the coast. Turkey is trying to reduce oil tanker = traffic in=20 the strait, through which about 440 million barrels of oil are = transported=20 each year. Some 200 accidents over the last decade in the strait = have=20 caused oil spills and fires that sometimes shut down the strait. =

January = 18 -=20 BRASIL - At least 130,000 gallons of crude oil spewed out of a = broken=20 pipeline, polluting beaches and endangering plant and animal life = in what=20 authorities called the worst ecological disaster to hit Rio de = Janeiro=20 state in a decade. The oil covered at least three miles of = coastline,=20 affecting at least two beaches and a mangrove swamp rich in animal = and=20 plant species.

January = 24 - UNITED=20 ARAB EMIRATES - The Honduran-flagged cargo vessel Al Jazya 1 = sank 4=20 miles east of Abu Dhabi's coast, laden with 980 tons of fuel oil. = The=20 tanker sank in bad weather, leaving an oil spill of around 2000 = feet by=20 400 feet. The Federal Environmental Agency said it is still too = early to=20 assess the extent of damage caused by the slick on marine life and = birds.=20

February 2 -=20 BOLIVIA - A flash flood broke a crude oil pipeline, spilling = hundreds=20 of barrels of oil into the Desaguadero River that flows into Lake = Poopo,=20 the government reported. The pipeline is operated by Transredes, = which=20 sent several experts to help contain the oil and assess the damage = it is=20 causing to a river inhabited by pink flamingoes and other birds. = The oil=20 spill had reached Aymara Indian communities located dozens of = miles=20 downriver, and is expected to reach Lake Poopo shortly.

February 2 -=20 PHILIPPINES - After running aground on January 24th on the = coast of=20 Sual town in Lingayen Gulf, the Singapore-owned vessel MV Nol = Schedar was=20 suspected to have left behind an oil slick after she was floated = on=20 February 2nd. The spill was later said to have destroyed 2,700 = metres of=20 coral reefs and other marine resources, and the case is pending in = court.=20

February 7 -=20 BRAZIL - Brazilian authorities scrambled to avert an = environmental=20 disaster in the Amazon jungle, after a barge holding nearly = 500,000=20 gallons (1.8 million liters) of oil sunk to the bottom of the = world's=20 largest river network. "Environmental advisers are working = alongside=20 diving teams to prevent ecological damage," said Mauricio Andres = Ribeiro=20 at Brazil's environment ministry.

April 1 = -=20 INDONESIA - About 160.000 kilolitres of crude oil leaked out = from the=20 tanker "King Fisher", after it hit a reef while approaching the = Pertamina=20 port in Cilacapan, at the Southern coast of Central Java. One = thousand=20 people are involved in cleaning up more than 25 km of shoreline, = including=20 popular tourist areas.

April 7 = - UNITED=20 STATES - Some 111,000 gallons of oil spilled near Pepco's = Chalk Point=20 Generating Station, affecting shorelines of the Patuxent River in = southern=20 Maryland. Some 6 1/2 miles of oil containment booms were = positioned in the=20 river and at the entrance to several creeks, and an estimated = 80,000=20 gallons of spilled oil were recovered in 24-hour-a-day operations = since=20 the leak occurred.

June 23 = - SOUTH=20 AFRICA - Environmentalists were scrambling to rescue thousands = of=20 jackass penguins from an oil spill off Cape Town, just six years = after the=20 population was devastated by a similar disaster. The oil spill = began when=20 the bulk carrier Treasure carrying some 1,400 tonnes of oil sank = off the=20 coast of Cape Town. The spill is washing straight into Robben = Island, home=20 to about 5,700 pairs of jackass penguins.

July = 6th - UNITED=20 STATES - 14.000 gallons of oil has spilled from a collision = between a=20 barge and a tug that was towing it, off Middletown, Rhode Island. = A ban on=20 fishing is in effect in one of the most fertile areas of = Narragansett Bay,=20 and it's only been four years since the worst oil spill in Rhode = Island=20 history, when 828-thousand gallons spilled, killing more than ten = (m)=20 million lobsters and prompting a ban on fishing for five months. =

July = 16th - BRAZIL=20 - The country is suffering one of its worst oil spills ever, = as more=20 than 1 million gallons of crude has leaked from a refinery into a = river=20 near the southern city of Curitiba. State-run oil company = Petrobras said a=20 pipe broke, spewing oil for up to two hours into the Barigui = River, a=20 tributary of the Iguacu River, 390 miles upstream from Iguacu = Falls, a=20 major tourist attraction. Television images showed a completely = blackened=20 river winding through the countryside.

July = 25th -=20 BRAZIL - A large oil slick again spread over Rio's = postcard-famous=20 Guanabara Bay on Tuesday, the third oil spill there this year. The = slick=20 was broken up in patches across an area of more than 20 square = miles,=20 environmentalists said. It washed up on beaches within the bay, = and=20 stretched out into the open sea.

August = 1 - CANADA=20 - Residents of the town of Chetwynd were told to conserve = water , as=20 officials surveyed the damage from a massive oil spill into a = pristine=20 river in northern British Columbia. Chetwynd stopped pumping water = from=20 the Pine River as the first traces of the estimated 264,600 = gallons (one=20 million liters ) of crude oil spilled in a pipeline break on = Tuesday=20 reached the community of about 3,000 people. The heavy oil had = also begun=20 killing some of the river's fish, which are a key food supply for = eagles=20 and other wildlife in the region.

August = 8 - UNITED=20 STATES - U.S. Coast Guard investigators boarded ships in Miami = and=20 Port Everglades, trying to determine which crew dumped oil off the = South=20 Florida coast, creating the area's worst oil spill in at least a = decade.=20 The oil contaminated 15 miles of beach, and all beaches along the = 15-mile=20 stretch were closed when the oil was discovered. Some endangered = and=20 threatened sea turtles are about to hatch, and oily debris block = their=20 path to the ocean.

September 2 -=20 MALAYSIA - A major cleanup is underway following an oil spill = from a=20 sunken Chinese cargo ship at Tanjung Po anchorage point at the = Sarawak=20 River mouth. The ill-fated 5,000 ton Kingston registered vessel = Double=20 Brave was loaded with about 116 tons of diesel oil when it sank = after a=20 collision with a barge being towed by a tugboat. About 60 workers = from the=20 Marine Department, Department of Environment, and the Kuching Port = Authority had been helping in the clean-up operation.

September 4 -=20 GREECE - Greek authorities raced against time to prevent an=20 environmental disaster, following a fuel oil spill from a sunken = cargo=20 ship off a popular stretch of tourist beaches northeast of Athens. = Miles=20 of coastline was threatened by the spill, which came from the=20 Cambodian-registered cement carrier Eurobulker X. The 35,264 dwt = vessel=20 broke in half a week earlier, while loading cement at Lefkandi = port,=20 central Greece. It was the second spill inside a week, following a = smaller=20 spill from a grounded freighter off the island of Kythira.

September 14 -=20 UNITED STATES - Wind and high waves spread a 30,000-gallon oil = spill=20 across Sandy Hook Bay, thwarting efforts to contain and clean up = the mess.=20 An overnight storm upset booms that had been set out to contain = the fuel,=20 which spilled when a tugboat put a 4-foot gash in a Navy ship, the = USS=20 Detroit. Navy Cmdr. Chuck Caudill said the oil was so dispersed = that Navy=20 skimmers could not pick up measurable amounts. The spill is one of = the=20 largest ever in the bay, and the state has banned harvesting of = shellfish=20 in the area until further notice.

October = 2 -=20 SWEDEN - Swedish environmentalists are warning that an oil = spill could=20 harm seals in the Baltic Sea's Gotska Sandoen national park, as = park=20 rangers discovered an oil belt about 12 miles long. Big lumps of = oil had=20 covered about 90 percent of the beaches of Gotska Sandoen, an = island about=20 60 miles off the southeastern coast of Sweden. The Swedish coast = guard was=20 investigating the source of the spill, and it was not known how = many=20 gallons of oil spilled.

October = 4 -=20 INDONESIA - An estimated 7.000 tons of oil has been spilled in = Indonesian waters off the Batu Berhanti Beacon, after a Panama = registered=20 tanker, Natuna Sea, ran aground damaging 4 of its cargo tanks. An = oil boom=20 of 300 m length has been deployed around the tanker, but this = could not=20 prevent the oil from escaping in a South-westerly direction. Some = patches=20 of the oil have since reached Singapore, and clean-up actions = have,=20 amongst others, commenced on the beaches of Sentosa, Singapore's = famous=20 tourist resort.

November 4th -=20 BRAZIL - Brazil's state oil giant Petrobras, criticized for a = string=20 of spills this year, suffered another leak when a tanker dumped = 13,200=20 gallons of crude near a popular beach resort area, local media = said. The=20 accident caused a slick measuring some 492 feet, and posed a risk = for the=20 region's bustling beach resorts nearby.

November 14th -=20 HONG KONG - Some 230 cubic metres of heavy oil leaked into the = sea=20 north of Hongkong's Lantau Island, after a small Chinese oil = freighter=20 collided with a Norwegian vessel
and sank. The oil slick = covering an=20 area of 10,000 square metres, and some had reached the 12-sq-km = Sha Chau=20 marine park, a dolphin sanctuary.

November = 28th - UNITED=20 STATES - A tanker spilled half a million gallons of crude oil = into the=20 Mississippi River, closing a busy shipping route for 26 miles and=20 threatening wildlife. No injuries were reported, but some pelicans = and=20 other animals were found covered with oil. The area is home to = pelicans,=20 shorebirds, seabirds, crabs, shrimp and sport fish, as well as = more than=20 100,000 wintering waterfowl. The 567,000-gallon spill is the = largest in=20 U.S. waters since the Exxon Valdez in March 1989.

December 15th -=20 NORWAY - A Norwegian freighter runs aground off the city of = Haugesund,=20 spilling some 100 tonnes of fuel oil which immediately hit the = nearby=20 coastlines. Heavy weather tempers the initial response actions, = but=20 reports say some 70 tonnes have since been recovered by means of = using oil=20 skimmers. The authorities are contemplating to have the remaining = 300=20 tonnes of oil removed from the ship, to prevent the risk of = further=20 pollution. Meanwhile, several thousand metres of oil booms have = been=20 deployed for containment and protection.

2001

January=20 14 - TAIWAN - Taiwan is racing against time to avert an = ecological=20 disaster and a major setback to its tourism industry, following = the=20 island's worst oil spill. Some 1,150 tonnes of fuel oil gushed out = of a=20 Greece-registered ship carrying 60,000 tonnes of iron ore, after = it ran=20 aground off the Kenting National Park. Marine mammals in the area, = such as=20 dolphins, are highly endangered by the spill. The crisis also = threatens=20 the operation of a nearby nuclear power plant, and risks = cross-strait=20 disputes if the spillage spreads to the Chinese coast.

January = 15 -=20 NORWAY - One of the largest oil spills ever from a land based = oil=20 storage facility in Norway, was detected when at least 750 tons of = sludge=20 had leaked from Norcem's facilities at Brevik. By the afternoon, = some 100=20 tons had been recovered within the containment area around the = tank,=20 whilst another 190 tons had been recovered from the sea. The = recovery=20 operations are continuing, under close scrutiny from the Norwegian = Pollution Control Authority.

January = 16 -=20 ECUADOR - A boat carrying fuel to Ecuador's Galapagos Islands = is=20 leaking oil into the ecologically sensitive waters near the famous = islands. The boat, named "Jessica", was carrying 160,000 gallons = of diesel=20 and about 80,000 gallons of IFO 120.The spill has already affected = animals=20 including sea lions and pelicans, and volunteers are on standby to = clean=20 up and rescue them.

February 16 - INDONESIA - The = Coast=20 Guard authorities are working to re-float an oil tanker that ran = aground=20 in rough seas off Indonesia's Java island. The Honduras-registered = Steadfast partially sank in shallow waters, when it was battered = by=20 massive waves and winds off Tegal, some 250 km east of Jakarta. = Roughly 40=20 per cent of an estimated 800 tonnes of sump oil had leaked from = the ship=20 and reached the shore, and a joint clean-up operation involving = local=20 vessels, Coast Guard and police authorities is underway. =

March = 20 -=20 BRAZIL - Up to 316,000 gallons of diesel has leaked after the = world's=20 largest offshore platform sank five days after a failed rescue = effort. A=20 huge diesel slick appeared on the surface when the platform sank = to bottom=20 of the ocean floor, almost a mile down. This was just another in a = series=20 of oil spills that have plagued the state owned Petrobras in = recent=20 months.

March 25 - DENMARK - More than 764,000 = gallons of=20 oil spilled after a double-hulled tanker carrying 9.7 million = gallons of=20 oil, and a freighter crashed in international waters between = eastern=20 Denmark and northwest Germany. A slick about 9.3 miles long and = 161/2-feet=20 wide slipped into the narrow Groensund strait between the Danish = islands=20 of Moen, Bogoe and Falster, while the bulk of the oil remained in = the=20 Baltic Sea off southern Denmark. As ships from three countries = worked to=20 contain the oil spill, an international conservation group said = that a=20 sanctuary home to thousands of ducks, swans and other water fowl = was under=20 threat by the oil slick, the largest ever in Denmark. =

April 6 -=20 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES - Workers have started to clean a=20 12-kilometer-radius oil spill reaching the reserved island of Sir = Bou=20 Neair, about 70 nautical miles off the coast of the Emirate of = Sharjah.=20 The spill was caused by the Iraqi fuel tanker Zainab, suspected of = smuggling around 1,300 tonnes of fuel oil from Iraq, as it ran = into=20 trouble on its way to a holding area in international waters. The = emirate=20 of Sharjah said it had temporarily shut down a desalination plant = as a=20 precautionary measure, after the spill neared pumping stations. = The spill=20 is said to be the emirate's worst environmental disaster in years. =

May 24 - BRAZIL - Petrobras, infamous for a series = of=20 spills over the past two years, shut 12 oil rigs, responsible for = nearly 9=20 percent of Brazil's oil output, Thursday night after detecting an = oil=20 slick on the ocean surface. There were two oil slicks some 90 km = off the=20 coast, one of approximately 110,000 liters and another of some = 10,000=20 liters of crude. The source of the spill has yet to be determined, = but=20 officials are ruling out any relation to the huge oil rig that = sank in=20 March.

May 25 - CHILE - An oil tanker that ran = aground in a=20 remote southern Chilean fjord has spilled some 350,528 litres of = crude,=20 leaving an oil slick 70 miles (112 km) long and damaging wildlife = and a=20 salmon farm, the Chilean Navy has admitted. Maritime authorities = initially=20 dismissed the incident, saying the leak had been negligible and = had caused=20 no damage to the environment. But the Navy later admitted the = spill was=20 worse than initially announced.

May 28 - MALAYSIA - = An oil=20 tanker with some 67 tonnes of fuel, including diesel and 1,500 = tonnes of=20 bitumen, sunk after it was crashed from behind by a super tanker = about 7.5=20 nautical miles off Pulau Undan, near Malacca. Officials said the = crash=20 caused MT Singapura Timur to take in water, and remained = half-submerged in=20 the sea floating southwards. Diesel and bitumen have started to = spill into=20 the sea, and is spreading to about one nautical mile from the = collision=20 spot.

May 30 - BRAZIL- Oil giant Petrobras said a = break in=20 its Paulinia pipeline dumped 220,000 liters of fuel oil in a = residential=20 neighborhood. The spill, which occurred 30 kilometers from the = city of Sao=20 Paulo, follows two unexplained and unclaimed oil spills in the = Campos=20 Basin off the coast of Rio de Janeiro state.

May 30 - = CHINA=20 - Chinese environmental experts are struggling to contain damage = from=20 toxic styrene which leaked from a ship, and fishermen along the = eastern=20 coast fear their livelihoods could be threatened for years to = come. About=20 700 tonnes of the chemical, which is poisonous to humans, seeped = into the=20 waters near Shanghai after a South Korean vessel collided with a = Hong=20 Kong. State media said the South Korean freighter Dayong was = carrying=20 nearly 2,300 tonnes of styrene when it collided with the Hong Kong = vessel=20 in dense fog at the mouth of the Yangtze River, near Jigujiao.=20

June 10 - PHILIPPINES - An oil spill in Cavite is=20 threatening to contaminate Laguna de Bay, caused by a bursting oil = pipeline of an industrial and electronics firm at the People=92s=20 Technological Complex in Barangay Maduya, Carmona town. The oil = spill has=20 already affected a six-kilometer stretch of Carmona-Bi=F1an River, = just a=20 few kilometers away from the Laguna Bay. Aside from the affected = river,=20 the spilling bunker oil and industrial fuel oil also affected land = base=20 areas surrounding the firm.

June 13 - MALAYSIA - An=20 Indonesian tanker laden with a toxic chemical has capsized off = Malaysia's=20 southern Johor state, just across from Singapore. The 533 ton MV = Endah=20 Lestari was on its way to East Kalimantan in Indonesia with some = 600=20 tonnes of the poisonous industrial chemical phenol, and 18 tonnes = of=20 diesel. Newspaper reports said the toxic spill had killed = thousands of=20 fish and cockles reared in 85 offshore cages, and Singapore = authorities=20 have also warned its citizens to stay away from nearby waters. = Officials=20 said it would be tough to mop up the phenol, as it is soluble in = water.=20

August 4 - USA - A fishing vessel that has sunk and = is=20 leaking diesel fuel has caused the biggest spill in Alaska's = Prince=20 William Sound since the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster, posing a = threat to the=20 area's wildlife. The Seattle-based Windy Bay was loaded with about = 35,000=20 gallons (133,000 liters) of diesel fuel when it struck a rock and = sank in=20 the northern part of the sound about 40 miles (65 km) southwest of = the=20 port of Valdez. Just how much leaked was unknown, but diesel fuel = leaking=20 from the ship has created a sheen covering 4 square miles (10 sq = km), and=20 cleanup crews has recovered about 9,700 gallons (36,800 liters).=20

August 10 - MICRONESIA - A sunken World War II ship = has=20 been gushing 300 to 500 gallons of oil per hour into the Ulithi = Atoll=20 lagoon. The cause of the spill is the USS Mississinewa, a 553-foot = Navy=20 oiler sunk in 1944 by a one-man Japanese suicide submarine. Yap = State=20 officials said the state's governor has declared a state of = emergency for=20 Ulithi and advised the 700 people who live on the atoll not to = swim or=20 fish in the lagoon. Questions have been raised who should bear the = responsibility for taking relevant action, with focus on getting=20 international assistance to clean-up and minimize the = environmental and=20 ecological impacts.

September 7 - VIETNAM - Local = residents=20 in small boats used buckets to try to collect thousands of tons of = oil=20 from a damaged oil tanker and save the nearby beach resort of Vung = Tau,=20 after The Vietnamese Petrolimex 01 tanker, carrying 19,000 tons of = diesel=20 oil, was hit by a Liberian-registered oil tanker. But wind and = waves drove=20 much of the spilled oil to the beach, which normally attracts = thousands of=20 vacationers a day.

September 22 - USA - An oil = spill caused=20 by a collision between a ship and a barge closed the ship channel=20 servicing the nation's second largest port. The fuel oil spill = occurred at=20 Barbour's Cut in La Porte, Texas, and some 860 barrels of fuel oil = leaked=20 into the channel. About 18,000 feet of boom were set up to contain = the=20 oil, and skimmers were removing it. Containment and cleanup = operations=20 involved more than 70 people.

October 4 - USA - = Crews were=20 slowed by explosive vapors as they tried to plug a leak in the=20 trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline that spewed nearly 300,000 gallons of = oil into=20 the wilderness. A man who had been drinking caused the leak when = he shot=20 the pipeline with a big-game rifle. The pipeline carries about 1 = million=20 barrels of oil a day, prompting a halt to almost a fifth of U.S. = domestic=20 production.

October = 18 -=20 BRAZIL - Brazilian and foreign teams prepared to begin = salvaging a=20 tanker that hit underwater rocks, spewing a highly flammable oil = product=20 into the sea and forcing closure of the country's primary port for = grain=20 shipments. State oil giant Petrobras, which owns the tanker, said = about=20 103,000 gallons (392,000 litres) of naphtha, an oil product = lighter than=20 gasoline, spilled into the Paranagua port area, some 380 miles = (600 km)=20 southwest of Rio.

November 21 - GERMANY - Almost = 2,000=20 tonnes of nitric acid has spilled into the Rhine river, when motor = tank=20 barge Stolt Rotterdam sank during a disastrous discharging = operation. The=20 1988-built chemical tanker was discharging the acid at = Erdoelchemie=20 Uerdingen when crew noticed fumes coming from the bottom of the = barge. An=20 emergency response was initiated, but a store room caught fire, = forcing=20 the crew and everyone in the surrounding area to evacuate as the = vessel=20 sank, emptying 1,895 tonnes of nitric acid into the river.=20

December 11 - FINLAND - Oil from a spill off the = country's=20 west coast has washed ashore on some 1.24 miles of Ruissalo = island's=20 coastline, and the spill is now three kilometers long and a = kilometer=20 wide. 10 vessels are involved in operations to contain and sweep = up the=20 oil, but the source of the spill is still unknown. =

2002

January=20 22 - THAILAND - A huge oil slick has hit beaches in Thailand's = Rayong=20 Bay, a popular holiday spot south-east of the capital Bangkok, and = is also=20 said to be threatening the nearby resort island of Samet. Some = 100,000=20 litres of oil had spilled from the Panama-registered tanker = Eastern=20 Fortitude when it hit a rock in Rayong Bay a week earlier. = Authorities=20 have struggled to clean up the slick, now estimated to be at least = 400 m=20 wide and about 3 km long, but complained they were not alerted to = the=20 accident until too late.

February=20 8 - UNITED STATES - A ship that sank nearly 50 years ago is to = blame=20 for a mystery oil spill that has killed more than 1,300 birds = since=20 November. The Coast Guard matched oil samples taken from the SS = Jacob=20 Luckenbach, located about 17 miles southwest of the Golden Gate = Bridge, to=20 those taken from oiled birds and the oil sheen that has colored = the water.=20 Just a drop or two of oil on a bird's feathers can break the = animal's=20 insulating layer and lead to hypothermia.

February=20 9 - NEW ZEALAND - A major clean-up operation is under way after a cargo = ship=20 carrying more than 700 tonnes of fuel ran aground a few hundred = metres=20 from the north island port of Gisborne. Already, several tonnes of = thick=20 black oil has drifted 400 metres to shore, polluting nearby = rivers,=20 beaches and coastline and sending noxious fumes over dozens of = houses.=20 Whilst conservation staff have already rescued a number of birds = affected=20 by oil in a local creek, wildlife casualties are expected to be=20 inevitable.

April 4=20 - JAPAN - A flotilla of ships has raced to contain an oil = slick off=20 Japan's western coast before it washes ashore. The 10-kilometer = (6.2-mile)=20 long spill has been slowly moving towards the coast since it = bubbled to=20 the surface from a Belize-registered cargo ship that sank four = days=20 earlier, after colliding with a fishing boat. Officials earlier = said the=20 spill would likely hit the coast, but did not know when or=20 where.

April 6=20 - USA - Strong wind hampered cleanup efforts as workers tried = to=20 contain a 90,000-gallon crude oil spill off the southeast = Louisiana coast.=20 Four-foot waves made it difficult for skimmers to collect the oil, = but the=20 Coast Guard said about 6,720 gallons had been recovered. No damage = to=20 wildlife had been reported, but officials expected there to be = some=20 shoreline impact.

June 12=20 - SINGAPORE - A collision between Thailand-registered = freighter MV=20 Hermion and Singapore-registered bunker tanker Neptank VII has = caused=20 about 450 tonnes of marine fuel oil to spill into the = south-eastern waters=20 of Singapore. Clean-up operations by the Maritime and Port = Authority of=20 Singapore (MPA) have largely contained the oil spill, but broken = patches=20 of oil remained visible in the Singapore Straits, and oil booms = were=20 placed off the waters of Marina Bay and Sentosa.

July 31=20 - ROMANIA - Tons of oil gushed into a river in southern = Romania after=20 torrential rains damaged a pipeline. The spill occurred in the = Prahova=20 River near the village of Manesti, some 50 kilometers north of the = capital, Bucharest. The water damaged the pipeline near a refinery = owned=20 by a state oil company, Conpet. Authorities placed dams along the = Prahova=20 to prevent oil from spilling into the Danube River, and police = guarded the=20 area overnight to prevent people from throwing flammable objects = into the=20 river.

September 12 - SOUTH AFRICA - Salvage teams and = ecologists=20 are battling to contain a spill of oil and chemicals from a = blazing cargo=20 vessel, and to prevent tides from pushing the spill into the = pristine=20 Saint Lucia wetlands, a wildlife sanctuary nearby. Wildlife = officials have=20 warned that a serious oil spill could pollute the Umfolozi River = and a=20 nearby estuary, and damage mangroves, crocodiles, hippos and a = turtle=20 nesting area in the park. Reefs off the area are also popular = among scuba=20 divers for their wide variety of fish.

November=20 13 - SPAIN - Four tugs have failed in their attempts to rescue = a=20 leaking oil tanker with 77.000 tonnes of fuel aboard, which later = broke in=20 two and sank off the northwestern coast of Spain. The Prestige,=20 Greek-owned and registered in the Bahamas, has leaked most of its = cargo,=20 and the oil is washing up on the Galician shores and approaching = the=20 coastlines of Portugal and France. All fishing activities have = been banned=20 in the area, and the incident is fast becoming one of the worst = ecological=20 disasters ever to happen.

November=20 23 - CHINA - A Chinese ship has collided with a = Maltese-registered oil=20 tanker, spreading an oil slick 2.5 miles by 1.4 miles across the = Bohai=20 sea. The Tianjin Maritime Bureau sent seven vessels to clean up = the spill=20 at the accident site. Preliminary inquiries indicate the Tasman = Sea=20 tanker, which was bound for Tianjin carrying 80.000 tons of oil, = was=20 anchored off the coast when the accident took place.

December=20 5 - SINGAPORE - A potentially disastrous crude oil spill in = Singapore=20 waters was contained to just 350 tonnes when a small general cargo = vessel=20 collided with a heavily-laden single-hulled tanker in the middle = of the=20 Singapore Straits. Two oil slicks measuring 2.5kmx300m and = 2.5kmx500m were=20 spotted in Indonesian waters off the island of Bintan.

2003

February 14 - USA - Clean up operations = are=20 underway at Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge after an = underground=20 corroded pipeline fitting released as many as 100,000 gallons of = fuel in=20 the fuel farm area last week. The atoll provides nesting and = resting=20 habitat for almost two million seabirds, as well as important = habitat for=20 migratory shorebirds, threatened green sea turtles, and endangered = Hawaiian monk seals. Since almost all of the spill is underground, = however, impact to wildlife has so far been minimal, the U.S. Fish = and=20 Wildlife Service said.

March 18 - AUSTRALIA - A large oil spill = is=20 threatening to pollute the Brisbane River, where up to 1.5 million = litres=20 of crude oil has leaked from a ruptured pipeline at the Santos = terminal.=20 Emergency crews have contained the oil to creeks and wetlands in = an area=20 of about eight hectares in the Lytton industrial estate. Booms = further up=20 the water course had not stopped the oil and the outgoing tide was = threatening to drag the slick into the river and Moreton Bay. =

March 20 - VIETNAM - Thousands of acres = of clam=20 and shrimp farms were in danger after a ship carrying 600 tonnes = of fuel=20 oil sank in the river in Ho Chi Minh City, environment officials = said. The=20 oil slick spread about seven kilometers towards Can Gio district, = home of=20 several aqua-cultural farms. It also spread three kilometers = towards Vung=20 Tau province, but has yet to hit the beaches there.

May=20 31 - SWEDEN - The Swedish government accused Denmark of = reacting=20 too slowly to the sinking of a Chinese vessel in Danish waters = near=20 Sweden's coast, saying the effects of the ensuing oil spill could = have=20 been reduced. The Fu Shan Hai bulk carrier went down in Danish = waters=20 between the Swedish coast and Denmark's Bornholm island, following = a=20 collision with a Polish freighter. At least 100 tonnes of oil have = already=20 leaked out into the water, and a large oil slick gushing from the = vessel=20 has hit Sweden's popular southeastern coast.

June = 12 -=20 SINGAPORE - The MV APL Emerald, a 40.077 ton container = ship,=20 spilled about 150 tonnes of fuel oil when it ran aground near = Horsburgh=20 Lighthouse, in the eastern approaches of the Singapore Straits. = Six=20 anti-pollution craft were involved in the clean-up, and oil booms = have=20 been laid around the vessel to contain the spill, which has since = been=20 contained. The authorities said there was no chance of any fuel = reaching=20 Singapore's shores, about 46km away.

July 12 - RUSSIA - Russian divers are = exploring a=20 sunken Japanese tanker that has begun releasing large quantities = of oil=20 and threatens to spark an ecological disaster off the west coast = of the=20 Pacific island of Sakhalin. More than two tonnes of fuel have = leaked in=20 the past few days from the Takeo Maru, which sank in 1979 off the = sea port=20 of Shakhtersk. The leaked oil is floating in the Tatar strait and = heading=20 for the coast. With up to 300 tonnes of fuel oil remaining inside = the=20 sunken tanker, the Takeo Maru could be an ecological bomb that = jeopardizes=20 Russia's Pacific coastline.

August 13 - PAKISTAN - An oil tanker has = broken up=20 off Pakistan's Arabian Sea port, Karachi, after spilling nearly = 10,000=20 tonnes of oil, sparking fears of lasting damage to local marine = life. The=20 Greek-registered MV Tasman Spirit, still carrying 35,000 tonnes of = crude=20 oil, split in two around 100 metres from the Karachi port, after = running=20 aground on July 27. Officials said that most of the oil had pooled = along=20 Clifton beach, the favourite beach resort among Karachi's 14 = million=20 people. A thick oil slick could be seen snaking from the ship to = the=20 shores alongside the port, blackening waves and seeping onto = sands.=20 Environmentalists predicted the entire 40 kilometre (25 mile) = Karachi=20 coastline could be affected, endangering fish, crabs and rare = turtles.=20

2004

January 19 - PHILIPPINES - An oil spill = coming=20 from a diving boat that ran aground at the Apo Manor Reef in = December, a=20 protected marine park off Mindoro Island, is threatening to = destroy one of=20 the world=92s best dive sites. Residents of Barangay Siblayan in = Occidental=20 Mindoro, a nearby coastal town, said that the M/V Island Explorer = has=20 started to leak bunker fuel, endangering the reef which serves as = a fish=20 nursery and the major source of livelihood of the surrounding = communities.=20 The surrounding waters are abundant with marine fauna and = luxuriant coral=20 growth with more than 500 coral species. Marine life includes = sharks,=20 stingrays and manta rays.

January=20 20 - NORWAY - A large oil spill has started spreading = from the=20 capsized cargo vessel "Rocknes", that spilled several thousand = litres of=20 oil and bunker fuel along the coastline near the city of Bergen. = Close to=20 a thousand seabirds have already been found dead or dying, and = clean-up=20 crews are working day and night to clean up affected coastlines = and=20 prevent the slick from spreading further. However, due to the = immediate=20 search and rescue work that prevented the oil spill response = activities=20 from commencing, thick patches of oil have already drifted beyond = the=20 reach of the highly sophisticated and efficient Norwegian oil = spill=20 response vessels and their equipment.

March 4 -=20 CHINA - Nearly one million people in south-western = Sichuan=20 province were without water for drinking and bathing, after = chemicals=20 spilled from a factory into an important Yangtze river tributary, = state=20 media said. The authorities shut down water supplies after a = mixture of=20 synthetic ammonia and nitrogen from the Sichuan General Chemical = Factory=20 leaked into the Tuo river in the densely populated province, the = Shanghai=20 Morning Post reported. Water supplies for four residential areas - = Jianyang, Zizhong, Neijiang and Luzhou - were severely polluted, = and could=20 remain cut for several days, the report said. =

October 2 -=20 INDONESIA - An oil spill has swamped a chain of tourist = islands=20 off the coast of the Indonesian capital, polluting a marine park = and=20 hitting businesses in the area, officials and media reports said. = Oil=20 began leaking in the region known as the Thousand Islands, and = government=20 officials said the spill may have been caused by leaking oil pipes = operated nearby by China National Offshore Oil Corp, or by a = mishap=20 loading oil onto tankers. The islands have been hit by at least = five oil=20 spills in the past year, driving occupancy rates at some resorts = to just=20 about 30 per cent, according to Jakarta Tourism Agency. The oil = slick has=20 also hurt fishermen and seaweed farmers in the area, officials = said.=20

October 14 -=20 USA - Emergency crews scrambled to control a massive = south Sound=20 oil spill that soiled portions of Tacoma's Commencement Bay and = stretched=20 for miles in a bluish-black sheen, threatening pristine beaches = and=20 wildlife on Maury and Vashon islands. "We have a major oil spill = on our=20 hands," said the spokesman for the state Department of Ecology. = "This is a=20 very large, very complex spill." Officials didn't know where it = came from,=20 who was responsible or exactly how much oil had been = spilled.

November 18 -=20 BRAZIL - Workers are rushing to avert an environmental = disaster=20 as an oil slick spread from a cargo ship that exploded and broke = in half=20 at a port in southern Brazil. Workers found dead fish and dolphins = in the=20 toxic slick of fuel oil, diesel fuel and methanol that leaked from = the=20 ship. The slick, which blackened rocks and beaches, stretched for = more=20 than 20 kilometres from the port of Paranagua, 625 kilometres = south-west=20 of Rio de Janeiro. Environmental officials indefinitely banned = many=20 maritime activities and grounded the area's 3000 = fishermen.

November 21 -=20 CANADA - Scientists warn the 44,000 gallon oil spill at = an oil=20 platform off Canada's Newfoundland province could kill up to = 100,000=20 seabirds. The spill, coming at a bad time for the birds, occurred = at the=20 Terra Nova offshore oil platform as a result of a malfunction. A = few days=20 laster, the slick covered at least 14 square miles. The birds at = risk=20 include turrs, dovekeys and black-legged kittiwakes, as well as = migrating=20 birds such as shearwaters.

November 26 -=20 USA - A tanker has spilled what was initially estimated = as appr.=20 30,000 gallons of crude oil into the Delaware River between = Philadelphia=20 and southern New Jersey, immediately creating a 20-mile slick that = threatened fish and birds. But authorities later estimated that it = could=20 be as much as 475,000 gallons, leaving a gooey mess that has = stained 70=20 miles of shoreline across three states. More than 1,000 cleanup = and=20 emergency responders were called in to skim oil from the surface = of the=20 water, and place thousands of feet of barriers to contain the = floating=20 slick.

December 7 -=20 CHINA - A collision between two container ships near the = mouth of=20 South China's Pearl River has caused the region's biggest oil = spill in=20 five years. Nearly 450 tonnes are said to have been spilled. Oil = was=20 mainly leaking from the fuel tanks of the MSC Ilona, that caused a = slick=20 about 17 kilometers long and up to several hundred meters wide. = Eight=20 decontamination ships from Guangdong Province are on the spot to = deal with=20 the leaking oil, while divers have been dispatched to plug the=20 leak.

December 10 -=20 USA - Thousands of gallons of fuel oil spilling out of a=20 Malaysian freighter that snapped in two off the US state of Alaska = have=20 put the Aleutian islands' fragile ecosystem in jeopardy, fueling = fears of=20 an environmental crisis 15 years after the Exxon Valdez disaster. = The=20 Selendang Ayu's 480,000-gallon (1.8 million-litre) stock of thick = fuel was=20 leaking into the water off Unalaska Island, killing cormorants and = marine=20 life and leaving a thick and dark coating on beaches. Wildlife in = the area=20 includes endangered or threatened species such as Steller sea = lions and=20 Steller's eiders as well as western Alaska sea otters, the = population of=20 which is dwindling.

December 20 -=20 EGYPT - An oil slick in the Suez Canal is threatening to = reach=20 the Mediterranean, port sources said. The spill was caused by a = leak in a=20 Kuwaiti tanker carrying 160,000 tonnes of crude, after it collided = with a=20 dredger further south on December 14. The slick has tripled in = size over a=20 week and now measures around 34 miles (55 kilometres) in length, = the=20 source said, adding that about 10,000 cubic metres (2.2 million = gallons)=20 had been lost from the tanker. Several aquatic species are = threatened by=20 the contamination, and foreign officials charge that the Egyptian=20 authorities have no adequate strategy to face such environmental = threats=20 and lack means to combat=20 them.

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